The world of Ukrainians. As the war changed the scale and nature of emigration
But large -scale armed conflicts on Ukrainian land during the First World War, the Ukrainian Revolution and the Second World War have caused millions of residents from Ukraine. Video Day among them those who created the basis of the Ukrainian national movement - politicians, intellectuals, cultural figures. Having traveled outside Ukraine, they saved not only their lives but also the achievements of the national movement. The waves of emigration generated by waves were clearly political.
People left Ukraine and believed: it is temporary. Kept identity. They worked for political and cultural development. They wanted to keep Ukraine outside Ukraine because it was impossible on their native land. Terror reigned there. And they succeeded. Like all emigrants, they had to solve survival problems - to seek work in a foreign country, opportunities for teaching children. But they found time and opportunities for the development of public and political initiatives.
After the defeat of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921, the government of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile (in exile) operated - first in Poland, then in France and the United States. After the Second World War, a foreign representation of the Ukrainian General Liberation Council was launched. It was a parliament of belligerent Ukraine, established in 1944. Ukrainian policies on emigration were able to ask the Ukrainian question on the international agenda.
The decades of their work helped international recognition of Ukraine in 1991, when independence was restored. Due to the Diaspora, the beginning of the twentieth century, when the world did not support Ukrainians in the struggle for freedom. Now we were known and revered for bravery and perseverance. Dozens of NGOs of the Diaspora in 1967 in New York united efforts and created a world Congress of free Ukrainians.
Congress has become a powerful lobbyist for Ukrainian interests in Western Europe, North America and Australia. Western politicians were forced to listen to the requirements of organized world Ukrainian, to make the decisions that Ukrainians need. Millions of Ukrainians have become involved in state protection. Thousands returned from emigration after February 24, the OUN's foreign units united the efforts of the peoples who came under the domination of the Communists.
Created in 1946, the anti -Bolshevik block of peoples included Albanians, Belarusians, Bulgarians, Armenians, Georgians, Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, Slovaks, Turkmen, Hungarians, Croats, Czechs. The head of the Bloc Yaroslav Stetsko met with the heads of many states, and not only the western ones. He sought allies in the fight against communism and in the East. In 1955, Stetsko visited Taiwan, where he had negotiations with his leader Chan Kaiishi.
But Ukrainians were not only engaged in political affairs. They created scientific and cultural institutions, supported the work of ancient Ukrainian institutions. One of the centers was the Ukrainian Free University, established in 1921. He first acted in Vienna, later in Prague, and after the Second World War and so far in Munich. It continued to work on emigration founded in 1873 the Scientific Society. Shevchenko. This structure became essentially an independent Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
She was tried to liquidate after Galicia's accession to the USSR. But unsuccessful - after the Second World Branch worked in Western Europe, USA, Canada, Australia. Metropolitan of the Greek Catholic Church, Joseph Slipy, who has served the Gulag for 18 years, released freedom and founded the Ukrainian Catholic University in Rome in 1963.
In Toronto in 1973, former soldiers of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army created the publishing house "The Chronicle of the UPA", which published documents and memories of the fight against the rebels. The series today has more than 100 books and is the largest source project in Ukrainian historiography. In order to interest the scientists of the world, Ukrainian issues of Diasporyans managed to create special institutions within prestigious universities.
In 1973, the Ukrainian Scientific Institute of Harvard University was set up. Three years later, the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies at Alberta University was established. The Ukrainians of the diaspora conducted a number of large -scale information campaigns that mobilized them on the one hand, did not forget about the roots, on the other - attracted the world's attention to Ukraine.
The campaign for the 50th anniversary of the Holodomor has been crowned with important publications and monuments. And most importantly, a special US Congress commission was created, led by James Mace. It was the results of her work that laid the foundations of international recognition of the Holodomor with genocide.
In 1988, the International Campaign for the 1000th Anniversary of the Baptism of Russia in 1988 declared the Ukrainian history of the ancient state, whose legacy has been trying to steal Russia for hundreds of years. Some of the institutions created in the diaspora continued to work in emigration after 1991. Some started to operate in Ukraine: the Shevchenko Scientific Society returned to Lviv, the Ukrainian Catholic University moved, and volumes of the UPA Chronicle are still being issued here.
On August 22, 1992, the UNR President Mykola Plavyuk passed the diploma of the UNR State Center in Kyiv to President of Ukraine Leonid Kravchuk. It was recognized that the Ukrainian state, proclaimed on August 24, 1991, is the successor of the Ukrainian People's Republic. Unfortunately, it took more than twenty years for the independent Ukraine itself to consider itself the heir to the UNR. The turning point was the beginning of the war with Russia.
The large -scale Russian invasion provoked a new wave of emigration. According to the UN Agency for Refugees, more than 9. 5 million people crossed the border of Ukraine. Almost 4 million Ukrainians have submitted temporary residence documents in neighboring countries. Most in Poland. In scale, the situation is really reminiscent of what was done a hundred years ago and after World War II. But there is a decisive factor that determines the difference. This factor is the Ukrainian state.
She was not then, but she stands today, despite the trendy efforts of the Kremlin. Despite the fears of our allies that we will not withstand the pressure of Russia. Millions of Ukrainians have become involved in state protection. Thousands returned from emigration after February 24. As of March 21, almost 400,000 Ukrainian citizens crossed the border for entry. The vast majority are men. Even more who help defenders. These are Ukrainians from all over the world.
It is a whole Ukrainian world that stops the offensive of the "Russian measure". This Ukrainian world now equips the Ukrainian army, holds actions to support Ukraine around the world, encourages politicians to help our country more actively, accepts and helps to settle for those whose war has expelled from homes. This unity of Ukrainians around the world is the key to what we win.