Black, fan shutdowns - what's next. What will turn the strikes of the Russian Federation on the power
In particular, it is an attack on settlements of Kharkiv and Dnipropetrovsk region, electricity was also disconnected in Poltava and Sumy regions. The largest destruction due to the impact of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation-at the TPP-5 Kharkiv, due to the fire of which Kharkiv residents were deprived of both electricity, and, accordingly, water supply, which is impossible without the supply of electricity.
On September 12, Ukrenergo reported that immediately after rocket strokes on energy infrastructure facilities, while the SES was extinguishing the fires, dispatchers and operator engineers, together with the operator's specialists, restored the power of most disconnected regions under pre -prepared reserve schemes and algorithms. That is, it took only a few hours to restore power supply. "We were preparing for any situations during the war and continue to keep the #Energy Front.
Yesterday, Ukrenergo dispatchers and distribution operators coped perfect Vladimir Kudrytsky said the chairman of the board of NEC "Ukrenergo". "Infrastructure strikes are a psychological factor. On the one hand, such blows are a psychological influence on the population, which, according to the aggressor, should reduce resistance (Russian aggression, focus).
On the other hand, damage to electricity is affected by all processes , it is the impact of a wide range, " - said Andrian Prokip, Energy Expert of the Ukrainian Institute of the Future. However, experts say that at this stage, the Ukrainian network has sufficient flexibility so that enterprise specialists can restore electricity supply for several hours where the Russian Federation strikes. "After yesterday's power blows, most affected areas were restored fairly quickly.
In principle, our power system is quite extensive and flexible to provide supply to temporary schemes or routes during the repair of the site," says Roman Nitsovich, Head of the DIXI Group Analytical Center programs. Another issue is generation. If the effects of blows on networks are repaired promptly, then the risks to generate (and the effects of blows on electricity enterprises) may be higher and require more time to recover. "There is a generation infrastructure.
And one of the objects-Kharkiv TPP-5-was damaged. If the enemy continues to beat in such objects, it is a serious threat, mainly for heat supply, to a lesser extent as an object of electrogeneration,"---- Roman Nitsovich noted. Andrian Prokip believes that today the best way to protect the energy infrastructure of Ukraine is, of course, the air defense system.
On the other hand, a strategic supply of materials, spare parts and equipment is also necessary to make repair work in the event of damage as a result of damage due to arrivals. "Need a certain stock of materials and equipment. Those stocks used to have operators used, and now replenish it, largely thanks to humanitarian assistance through the Ukrainian Energy Support Fund fund. It is created and operated under the Energy Community Secretariat. components.
If we have an understanding of the threats to a certain type of generation, we need to strengthen other types of generation so that they are ready to turn on the dispatcher command and give the power required power, "Roman Nitsovich explained Focus. That is, it is to prepare for threats, creating in advance both the supply of the necessary equipment, and the supply of fuel - fuel, coal and natural gas.
This will help to quickly implement repair work, and switch the stations, if necessary, from one type of fuel to another. To reduce the risks of infrastructure destruction, you need not only effective air defense, but also a stock of equipment and materials for repair. The Executive Director of the Association "Energy Effective Cities of Ukraine" Svyatoslav Pavlyuk believes that the issue of investing in additional generators is also important.
"The experience of cities that have been occupied in the spring of this year shows that the disappearance of current leads to the stop of water supply, heat supply, a break in technological chains. Installation money and equipment - where to get it, " - says Svyatoslav Pavlyuk. He also stressed that active systems should be able to work offline. "It is important that the solar stations are able to work offline - have a hybrid inverter or just an autonomous converter," the expert says.
Unfortunately, the issue of Russians' strikes on critical infrastructure is not the only one that is a threat to the stability of electricity supply to Ukrainian consumers. Svyatoslav Pavlyuk says that there is a threat of financial - many energy industry enterprises are in losses and debts. "We are now in a situation where the cost of fuel for generation has increased many times and the cost of electricity has not changed, the price remained as before.
Electricity for the population has a cost at 1 penny, the rest - delivery. Elekier the price of electricity for enterprises plus the transfer cost compensated the tariff for the population. There were cross-subsidia within the sector. But the industry has fallen-to give tariffs for the population to no one, and we still have to pay for electricity at the "green tariff". The financial model of the energy market cracks, there is tens of billions, "-said Svyatoslav Pavlyuk. .
At the same time, experts surveyed by focus say that they have not heard about the initiatives of the government or parliament to help the energy companies to finance the expenses they incur as a result of hostilities. "NERCE Operators - NERCEU made a decision on the use of tariff revenue within the limits of investment programs for repairs. That is, they can take funds from those planned for new investments.
Of course, for regulated market entities, the issues of expenses will be raised, so that they have the only source, "says Roman Nitsovich. Tariffs for the population in the new heating season will not change - earlier the law prohibiting tariffs has passed parliament, and in the government repeatedly stated that for the population tariffs for electricity, water, gas and heat will remain at the level of last season.
NNEGC "Energoatom" reported that on the night of September 11, power unit # 6 was disconnected from the power grid. It is prepared for its cooling and cold. "The last three days of the 6th power unit worked in the island mode, feeding only its own needs at a critically low power (from 114 to 140 MW), since all Russian shelling was damaged all lines After the restoration of the performance of one of these lines, the power supply of its own needs was made possible from the power system of Ukraine.
Therefore, a decision was made to disconnect the unit # 6 and transfer it to the safest state - a cold stop, " - said in the message" Energoatom ". Security for NPPs is a key issue today, and stopping blocks taking into account the occupation and regular shelling of the station. Although it adds problems, because after stopping the station blocks, experts predict a possible shortage of electricity production in Ukraine.
However, this is provided that the demand and volume of production will be broken. "The problem is - some of the capacities are lost, they are in the occupied territory and do not work, some of the front line also did not work, and the rest are all under threat of air strikes. The deficit will also be determined It simplifies the situation.
Based on how many capacities are lost, including the ZPP, it can theoretically compensate for it all available in the country, but in peak times, you may have to limit consumption, " - said Andrian Prokip. It does not rule out that fan shutdowns are possible several hours a day during winter peaks. As a result, the amount and frequency of fan shutdowns in Ukraine depend on what will be the demand in the autumn and winter.
"Demand restriction is a radical means of balancing the operation of the power system, and there are categories of consumers who are the first to limit - industrial consumers. Lastly, the objects of critical infrastructure, social infrastructure of the population," - explained Roman Nitsovich.
In his opinion, it is possible that the demand for electricity in the autumn and winter will not increase, and then there will be no prerequisites for shutdowns (unless they will cause attacks of the Russians on the infrastructure of Ukraine). However, with the onset of cold, Ukrainians can increasingly use electric heating, which can affect the increase in electricity consumption.
In order not to import expensive electricity from the EU, in Ukraine, it is possible to decide on periodic fan disabilities from electricity of different consumer groups. The same decision can be made on the condition that, in addition to the ZPP, another large electricity station will be stopped for some reason.